Section Objectives
The imaginary unit is , where .
The square roots of negative numbers can be written in terms of .
A complex number is an expression of the form , where and are real numbers.
In the complex number , is called the real part and is called the imaginary part. The and terms cannot be combined---they are not like terms. But every complex number can be simplified to the standard form .
The complex conjugate of the complex number is the complex number . Notice that in forming the complex conjugate, we negate the imaginary part, but not the real part.
An important property of conjugates is the following:
In order to divide by a complex number, we really just use the conjugate (and multiplication) to make the denominator real: